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NetBSD だと amd を使うと、いちいち root にならなくても、必要なときに必 要なディスクを NFS マウントしてくれるようにすることができる。 Debian だと autofs がその役割を果たしてくれるようなので、その設定方法を記録し ておく。
まず、 root になって、 autofs のインストールを行う。 apt コマンドを使 えば簡便である。
# apt search autofs Sorting... Done Full Text Search... Done afuse/stable 0.4.1-1+b3 amd64 automounting file system implemented in user-space using FUSE autodir/stable 0.99.9-10+b1 amd64 Automatically creates home and group directories for LDAP/NIS/SQL/local accounts autofs/stable 5.1.2-4 amd64 kernel-based automounter for Linux autofs-hesiod/stable 5.1.2-4 amd64 Hesiod map support for autofs autofs-ldap/stable 5.1.2-4 amd64 LDAP map support for autofs fusiondirectory-plugin-autofs/stable 1.2.3-4+deb10u1 all autofs plugin for FusionDirectory fusiondirectory-plugin-autofs-schema/stable 1.2.3-4+deb10u1 all LDAP schema for FusionDirectory autofs plugin obexfs/stable 0.11-2+b1 amd64 mount filesystem of ObexFTP capable devices # apt install autofs Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: linux-image-4.19.0-11-amd64 linux-image-4.19.0-12-amd64 Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: keyutils libnfsidmap2 libtirpc-common libtirpc3 nfs-common rpcbind Suggested packages: open-iscsi watchdog The following NEW packages will be installed: autofs keyutils libnfsidmap2 libtirpc-common libtirpc3 nfs-common rpcbind 0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 973 kB of archives. After this operation, 4,553 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 autofs amd64 5.1.2-4 [501 kB] Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 keyutils amd64 1.6-6 [51.7 kB] Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libnfsidmap2 amd64 0.25-5.1 [32.0 kB] Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libtirpc-common all 1.1.4-0.4 [16.7 kB] Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libtirpc3 amd64 1.1.4-0.4 [93.5 kB] Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 rpcbind amd64 1.2.5-0.3+deb10u1 [47.1 kB] Get:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 nfs-common amd64 1:1.3.4-2.5+deb10u1 [231 kB] Fetched 973 kB in 1s (774 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package autofs. (Reading database ... 100058 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../0-autofs_5.1.2-4_amd64.deb ... Unpacking autofs (5.1.2-4) ... Selecting previously unselected package keyutils. Preparing to unpack .../1-keyutils_1.6-6_amd64.deb ... Unpacking keyutils (1.6-6) ... Selecting previously unselected package libnfsidmap2:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../2-libnfsidmap2_0.25-5.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libnfsidmap2:amd64 (0.25-5.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libtirpc-common. Preparing to unpack .../3-libtirpc-common_1.1.4-0.4_all.deb ... Unpacking libtirpc-common (1.1.4-0.4) ... Selecting previously unselected package libtirpc3:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../4-libtirpc3_1.1.4-0.4_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libtirpc3:amd64 (1.1.4-0.4) ... Selecting previously unselected package rpcbind. Preparing to unpack .../5-rpcbind_1.2.5-0.3+deb10u1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking rpcbind (1.2.5-0.3+deb10u1) ... Selecting previously unselected package nfs-common. Preparing to unpack .../6-nfs-common_1%3a1.3.4-2.5+deb10u1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking nfs-common (1:1.3.4-2.5+deb10u1) ... Setting up libtirpc-common (1.1.4-0.4) ... Setting up keyutils (1.6-6) ... Setting up libnfsidmap2:amd64 (0.25-5.1) ... Setting up autofs (5.1.2-4) ... Creating config file /etc/auto.master with new version Creating config file /etc/auto.net with new version Creating config file /etc/auto.misc with new version Creating config file /etc/auto.smb with new version Creating config file /etc/autofs.conf with new version Creating config file /etc/default/autofs with new version Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/autofs.service → /lib/systemd/system/autofs.service. update-rc.d: warning: start and stop actions are no longer supported; falling back to defaults Setting up libtirpc3:amd64 (1.1.4-0.4) ... Setting up rpcbind (1.2.5-0.3+deb10u1) ... Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rpcbind.service → /lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.service. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/rpcbind.socket → /lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.socket. Setting up nfs-common (1:1.3.4-2.5+deb10u1) ... Creating config file /etc/idmapd.conf with new version Adding system user `statd' (UID 110) ... Adding new user `statd' (UID 110) with group `nogroup' ... Not creating home directory `/var/lib/nfs'. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-client.target → /lib/systemd/system/nfs-client.target. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/remote-fs.target.wants/nfs-client.target → /lib/systemd/system/nfs-client.target. nfs-utils.service is a disabled or a static unit, not starting it. Processing triggers for systemd (241-7~deb10u6) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.5-2) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.28-10) ...
autofs がインストールされると、 /etc 以下に必要なファイルがコピーされ る。
# cd /etc # ls -l auto* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13354 Jul 9 2018 autofs.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 797 Jul 9 2018 auto.master -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 524 Jul 9 2018 auto.misc -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1039 Jul 9 2018 auto.net -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2191 Jul 9 2018 auto.smb auto.master.d: total 0
設定ファイルに必要な変更を加える。
# cd /etc # cp -pi auto.master auto.master.original # vi auto.master # diff auto.master.original auto.master 13c13 < #/net -hosts --- > /net -hosts
必要なディレクトリを作成する。
# mkdir /net
以下のようにして autofs を起動する。
# /etc/init.d/autofs
Usage: /etc/init.d/autofs {start|forcestart|stop|restart|forcerestart|reload|force-reload|status}
# /etc/init.d/autofs start
[ ok ] Starting autofs (via systemctl): autofs.service.
これで、 NFS サーバのディレクトリが見えるようになる。ホスト名 nfs_server の /tmp を読み書きしたい場合には、 /net/nfs_server/tmp を見 てみれば、自動的に NFS マウントされる。