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HTML ファイル生成日時: 2024/12/05 07:26:42.662 (台灣標準時)
太陽、水星、金星、地球、火星、木星と小惑星二萬個の軌道運動をアニメーショ ンにしてみたでござる。
アニメーションを作るために使った Python スクリプトは以下の通りにござる。
#!/usr/pkg/bin/python3.9 # # Time-stamp: <2022/10/12 21:47:21 (CST) daisuke> # # importing sys module import sys # importing numpy module import numpy # importing astropy module import astropy import astropy.coordinates import astropy.time import astropy.units # importing astroquery module import astroquery.jplhorizons # importing matplotlib module import matplotlib.animation import matplotlib.backends.backend_agg import matplotlib.figure # output file name prefix file_prefix = 'solsys_3d_struct' # output file name extension file_ext = 'png' # units u_au = astropy.units.au u_hr = astropy.units.hour # number of steps to calculate n_steps = 10000 # number of asteroids to plot #n_asteroids = 30000 n_asteroids = 20000 #n_asteroids = 16000 #n_asteroids = 10 # step size in hr step_hr = 12 step_str = f'{step_hr}h' step = step_hr * u_hr # an empty list for storing asteroids positions list_asteroids = [] # date/time to start the simulation t_start_str = f'2020-01-01T00:00:00.000' # time to start the simulation in astropy.time object t_start = astropy.time.Time (t_start_str, format='isot', scale='utc') # time to stop the simulation in astropy.time object t_stop = t_start + step * n_steps # an empty list for storing major planets positions list_major = [] # major body names (Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter) list_names = ['10', '199', '299', '399', '499', '599'] # getting positions of the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and Jupiter # from JPL/Horizons print (f'Now, getting positions of the Sun and planets...') for i in list_names: print (i) query = astroquery.jplhorizons.Horizons (id_type=None, id=f'{i}', \ location='@0', \ epochs={'start': t_start.iso, \ 'stop': t_stop.iso, \ 'step': step_str}) vec = query.vectors () print (vec) x = vec['x'] y = vec['y'] z = vec['z'] list_major.append ( [x, y, z] ) print (f'Finished getting positions of the Sun and planets!') # getting asteroids positions from JPL/Horizons print (f'Now, getting asteroids positions...') for i in range (1, n_asteroids + 1): #if (i % 10 == 0): #print (f' now, getting positions of asteroid ({i})...') print (f' now, getting positions of asteroid ({i})...') ast_query = astroquery.jplhorizons.Horizons (id_type='smallbody', \ id=f'{i}', \ location='@0', \ epochs={'start': t_start.iso, \ 'stop': t_stop.iso, \ 'step': step_str}) ast_vec = ast_query.vectors () x = ast_vec['x'] y = ast_vec['y'] z = ast_vec['z'] list_asteroids.append ( [x, y, z] ) print (f'Finished getting asteroids positions...') # making a fig object using object-oriented interface fig = matplotlib.figure.Figure (figsize=[15.36, 8.64]) fig.subplots_adjust (left=0.0, right=1.0, bottom=0.0, top=1.0, \ wspace=0.0, hspace=0.0) # making a canvas object canvas = matplotlib.backends.backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg (fig) # making an axes object #ax = fig.add_subplot (111, projection='3d') ax = fig.add_axes ( (0, 0, 1, 1), projection='3d') # an empty list of frames for animation list_frame = [] # definition of a function for making a sphere def make_sphere (x_c, y_c, z_c, radius, colour): u = numpy.linspace (0, 2 * numpy.pi, 1000) v = numpy.linspace (0, numpy.pi, 1000) x = radius * numpy.outer (numpy.cos(u), numpy.sin(v)) + x_c y = radius * numpy.outer (numpy.sin(u), numpy.sin(v)) + y_c z = radius * numpy.outer (numpy.ones(numpy.size(u)), numpy.cos(v)) + z_c # plotting the surface sphere = ax.plot_surface (x, y, z, color=colour, antialiased=False, \ shade=True, rcount=100, ccount=100) return (sphere) # initial value of 'elev' angle el0 = 90.0 # initial value of 'azim' angle az0 = -90.0 # initial value of 'dist' dist0 = 10.0 for i in range (n_steps): # clearing previous axes ax.cla () # time t t = t_start + i * 12.0 * u_hr # printing positions of the Sun, planets, and asteroids if (i % 10 == 0): print (f'Now, making a plot for {t}...') # settings for plot ax.set_xlim3d (-7.5, +7.5) ax.set_ylim3d (-7.5, +7.5) ax.set_zlim3d (-2.0, +2.0) ax.set_box_aspect ( (7.5, 7.5, 2.0) ) # projection ax.set_proj_type ('persp') # using black background colour #fig.set_facecolor ('black') fig.set_facecolor ('white') ax.set_facecolor ('black') ax.grid (False) ax.w_xaxis.set_pane_color ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)) ax.w_yaxis.set_pane_color ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)) ax.w_zaxis.set_pane_color ((0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)) # camera viewing angle if (i < 300): el = el0 az = az0 dist = dist0 elif ( (i >= 300) and (i < 1200) ): el = el0 - (i - 300) * 0.1 az = az0 dist = dist0 elif ( (i >= 1200) and (i < 1500) ): el = 0.0 az = az0 dist = dist0 elif ( (i >= 1500) and (i < 2400) ): el = 0.0 az = az0 - (i - 1500) * 0.1 dist = dist0 elif ( (i >= 2400) and (i < 2700) ): el = 0.0 az = -180.0 dist = dist0 elif ( (i >= 2700) and (i < 3000) ): el = (i - 2700) * 0.1 az = -180.0 dist = dist0 elif ( (i >= 3000) and (i < 3300) ): el = 30.0 az = -180.0 dist = dist0 elif ( (i >= 3300) and (i < 3600) ): el = 30.0 az = -180.0 dist = dist0 - (i - 3300) * 0.01 elif ( (i >= 3600) and (i < 3900) ): el = 30.0 + (i - 3600) * 0.1 az = -180.0 dist = dist0 - 3.0 elif ( (i >= 3900) and (i < 4200) ): el = 60.0 az = -180.0 dist = dist0 - 3.0 elif ( (i >= 4200) and (i < 4500) ): el = 60.0 az = -180.0 dist = dist0 - 3.0 - (i - 4200) * 0.01 elif ( (i >= 4500) and (i < 5400) ): el = 60.0 az = -180.0 - (i - 4500) * 0.2 dist = dist0 - 6.0 elif ( (i >= 5400) and (i < 6000) ): el = 60.0 az = 0.0 dist = dist0 - 6.0 elif ( (i >= 6000) and (i < 6150) ): el = 60.0 - (i - 6000) * 0.1 az = 0.0 dist = dist0 - 6.0 elif ( (i >= 6150) and (i < 6350) ): el = 45.0 az = 0.0 dist = dist0 - 6.0 + (i - 6150) * 0.01 elif ( (i >= 6350) and (i < 6650) ): el = 45.0 az = 0.0 dist = dist0 - 4.0 elif ( (i >= 6650) and (i < 6950) ): el = 45.0 az = 0.0 - (i - 6650) * 0.3 dist = dist0 - 4.0 elif ( (i >= 6950) and (i < 7250) ): el = 45.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 4.0 elif ( (i >= 7250) and (i < 7550) ): el = 45.0 - (i - 7250) * 0.1 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 4.0 elif ( (i >= 7550) and (i < 7850) ): el = 15.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 4.0 elif ( (i >= 7850) and (i < 8150) ): el = 15.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 4.0 + (i - 7850) * 0.01 elif ( (i >= 8150) and (i < 8450) ): el = 15.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 1.0 elif ( (i >= 8450) and (i < 9050) ): el = 15.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 1.0 - (i - 8450) * 0.01 elif ( (i >= 9050) and (i < 9350) ): el = 15.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 7.0 elif ( (i >= 9350) and (i < 9650) ): el = 15.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 7.0 + (i - 9350) * 0.01 else: el = 15.0 az = -90.0 dist = dist0 - 4.0 # plotting the Sun sun = make_sphere (list_major[0][0][i], \ list_major[0][1][i], \ list_major[0][2][i], \ 0.25, 'orange') # plotting Mercury mercury = make_sphere (list_major[1][0][i], \ list_major[1][1][i], \ list_major[1][2][i], \ 0.05, 'cyan') # plotting Venus venus = make_sphere (list_major[2][0][i], \ list_major[2][1][i], \ list_major[2][2][i], \ 0.15, 'gold') # plotting Earth earth = make_sphere (list_major[3][0][i], \ list_major[3][1][i], \ list_major[3][2][i], \ 0.15, 'blue') # plotting Mars mars = make_sphere (list_major[4][0][i], \ list_major[4][1][i], \ list_major[4][2][i], \ 0.15, 'red') # plotting Jupiter jupiter = make_sphere (list_major[5][0][i], \ list_major[5][1][i], \ list_major[5][2][i], \ 0.15, 'bisque') # plotting asteroids for j in range (0, n_asteroids): ax.scatter (list_asteroids[j][0][i], \ list_asteroids[j][1][i], \ list_asteroids[j][2][i], \ s=1.0, \ color='saddlebrown', \ alpha=0.5) # title title = ax.text2D (0.5, 0.75, f'Inner Solar System', \ color='white', \ horizontalalignment='center', \ transform=ax.transAxes) # plotting the time time = ax.text2D (0.20, 0.23, f'Date/Time: {t} (UTC)', \ color='white', \ horizontalalignment='center', \ transform=ax.transAxes) # plotting the author name author = ax.text2D (0.85, 0.23, f'animation generated by Daisuke', \ color='white', \ horizontalalignment='center', \ transform=ax.transAxes) # viewing angles of camera ax.view_init (elev=el, azim=az) ax.dist = dist # image file file_image = f'{file_prefix}_{i:06d}.{file_ext}' fig.savefig (file_image, dpi=225)
一萬枚の画像から動画を作るためには、以下のコマンドを実行したでござる。
% ffmpeg5 -f image2 -start_number 0 -framerate 30 -i solsys_3d_struct_%06dc.png -an -vcodec libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -threads 12 solsys_3d_struct_no_audio.mp4
音楽をのせるには以下のようにしたでござる。
% ffmpeg5 -i solsys_3d_struct_no_audio.mp4 -i audio/fragments.f251.webm -c:v copy solsys_3d_struct_with_audio.mp4